Aug 14, 2024
YPS+CRAD Media preparation
- 1Oklahoma State University
Protocol Citation: Gabriela Paredes 2024. YPS+CRAD Media preparation. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.4r3l2qbyxl1y/v1
License: This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Protocol status: Working
We use this protocol and it's working
Created: August 13, 2024
Last Modified: August 14, 2024
Protocol Integer ID: 105167
Keywords: Fungal Isolation, Selective Medium, YPS, CRAD, Microbiology Protocol, yeast extract, antibiotic effective against gram, spectrum antibiotic, lactam antibiotic, antibiotic effective, other unwanted microorganism, ampicillin, allowing fungi, addition of crad, chloramphenicol, bacterial cell wall synthesis, crad in the context, fungi, growth of various fungi, following antibiotic, crad, preparation, general isolation of fungi, bacteria, various fungi, growth of bacteria, negative bacteria, positive bacteria, peptone, carbohydrate source, sucrose, glucose, chemical, growth of gram, media preparation, sterilization, insecticide
Funders Acknowledgements:
USDA
Grant ID: 2021-67013-33943
Disclaimer
This protocol is provided for educational and research purposes only. The procedures described herein should be conducted by trained personnel in a properly equipped laboratory, adhering to all relevant safety and ethical guidelines. The authors and publishers of this protocol are not responsible for any injuries, damages, or legal consequences that may result from the improper use of this protocol. The use of chemicals, reagents, and equipment should be done with caution, and users must ensure they are compliant with all local, national, and institutional regulations.
Users are responsible for ensuring that their work complies with applicable biosafety and bioethics standards, particularly when handling genetically modified organisms (GMOs), pathogens, or other hazardous materials. This protocol does not constitute medical, legal, or professional advice, and should not be used as a substitute for consultation with qualified professionals in those fields.
Abstract
YPS (Yeast Extract, Peptone, Sucrose) is a culture medium specifically designed for the general isolation of fungi. This medium is composed of yeast extract, peptone (or tryptone), and a carbohydrate source such as glucose or sucrose, providing a nutrient-rich environment that supports the growth of various fungi. The addition of CRAD (Chloramphenicol, Rifampicin, Ampicillin, Danitol) to the medium after sterilization creates a selective environment, inhibiting the growth of bacteria and other unwanted microorganisms, while allowing fungi to proliferate under controlled conditions.
CRAD in the context of YPS medium includes the following antibiotics and chemicals:
- Chloramphenicol: A broad-spectrum antibiotic that prevents the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
- Rifampicin: An antibiotic effective against Gram-positive bacteria, dissolved in DMSO to ensure complete incorporation into the medium.
- Ampicillin: A broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis.
- Danitol: An acaricide and insecticide used to control specific organisms, such as insects or mites.
Guidelines
- Aseptic Technique: Strict aseptic techniques must be followed throughout the preparation process to avoid contamination. Ensure that all materials and equipment are sterile.
- Component Quality: Use high-purity reagents and freshly prepared solutions to maintain the integrity and effectiveness of the medium.
- Homogeneous Mixing: Continuous slow stirring during the addition of CRAD components is essential to ensure that the antibiotics and other chemicals are evenly distributed throughout the medium.
- Timing: Prepare and use the medium as soon as possible after preparation to ensure the viability of the antibiotics.
Materials
- 1 g of yeast extract
- 1 g of peptone or tryptone
- 1 g of glucose or sucrose
- 0.1 g of chloramphenicol
- 18 g of agar
- 0.025 g of Rifampicin dissolved in 500 μl of DMSO
- 100 μl of Danitol stock solution (500 μl Danitol 2.4 EC in 100 ml acetone)
- 0.1 g of Avid 0.15 EC
- Distilled water (1 liter)
- Sterile Petri dishes
Equipment
Adventurer™ Analytical Balances
NAME
Analytical balance
TYPE
Ohaus
BRAND
30100600
SKU
LINK
Equipment
8-Liter Autoclave
NAME
Portable Stainless Steel Pressure Steam Sterilizer
TYPE
China
BRAND
XFS-D-8L
SKU
LINK
Voltage: 220 V (AC)
Power: 1.2 kW
Working Medium: Steam
Design Pressure: 0.17 MPa
Working Temperature: 129 °C
Frequency: 50 Hz
Useful Life: 5 Years
Delivery Date: 3. Oct, 2019
SPECIFICATIONS
Equipment
Laminar Flow Hood
NAME
Benchtop workstation
TYPE
Envirco
BRAND
TT4830
SKU
Safety warnings
- Chemical Handling: DMSO and antibiotics like rifampicin should be handled with care. DMSO can penetrate the skin and carry other substances with it, so wear appropriate protective gear, including gloves and lab coats.
- Sterilization Safety: Follow proper autoclaving procedures to prevent accidents. Never open the autoclave until it has fully depressurized and cooled.
- Antibiotic Sensitivity: Rifampicin and other antibiotics are sensitive to light and temperature. Store them in a dark, cool place, and only expose them to light and ambient conditions when necessary.
Ethics statement
This protocol is designed for use in laboratory research settings. All experimental procedures involving microorganisms should be conducted in accordance with institutional biosafety guidelines and regulations. Researchers are responsible for ensuring that their work complies with ethical standards, particularly when dealing with genetically modified organisms (GMOs) or pathogens.
Before start
Before starting the preparation of YPS+CRAD medium, the following steps must be completed:
Prepare Rifampicin Solution in DMSO:
- Dissolve 0.025 g of rifampicin in 500 μl of DMSO. Ensure the solution is completely homogeneous.
Prepare Danitol Solution:
- Prepare a stock solution by diluting 500 μl of Danitol 2.4 EC in 100 ml of acetone. From this stock solution, take 100 μl to add to the medium.
Ensure that all necessary materials and equipment are available and sterile before beginning the procedure.
Dissolve YPS Components:
(For 1 liter of medium)
In a 2-liter Erlenmeyer flask with a stir bar, dissolve the following components in 1 liter of distilled water (dH2O):
1 g of yeast extract.
1 g of peptone or tryptone.
1 g of glucose or sucrose.
0.1 g of chloramphenicol.
18 g of agar.
Stir and heat the mixture until all components are fully dissolved.
Sterilize:
- Autoclave the solution at 121 °C for 20 minutes to sterilize the medium.
- Allow the medium to cool to approximately 50 °C in a room temperature water bath, with slow stirring to facilitate the dissolution and mixing of ingredients.
Add CRAD:
Add the following components to the cooled medium:
Rifampicin: Incorporate the solution prepared in DMSO (0.025 g dissolved in 500 µL of DMSO).
Ampicillin: Add the required amount as per protocol.
Danitol: Add of the pre-prepared stock solution.
Pour into Petri Dishes:
- Work aseptically and pour the medium into sterile Petri dishes.
- Allow the medium to solidify at room temperature.