Summary: To confirm the presence of diabetic neuropathy, nerve conduction velocity (NCV) studies are performed. The animals are anesthetized with isoflurane to prevent discomfort. Body temperature is monitered with a dermal temperature probe and maintained at 32ºC with a warming lamp during NCV. Body temperature is maintained at 37ºC after NCV using a warming pad to ease animal stress from anesthetic. The nerve studies last less than 30 min per rat or mouse. The electrodes are cleaned with 70% alcohol between animals to maintain pathogen-free status.