Apr 12, 2017
Modified Bacterial Conjugation Protocol For Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries
Forked from Conjugation of Thalassiosira pseudonana
- April Woods1,
- G Jason Smith1
- 1Moss Landing Marine Labs
- Protist Research to Optimize Tools in Genetics (PROT-G)
- Environmental Biotechnology Lab
Protocol Citation: April Woods, G Jason Smith 2017. Modified Bacterial Conjugation Protocol For Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.gj6bure
License: This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Protocol status: Working
Created: November 28, 2016
Last Modified: March 26, 2018
Protocol Integer ID: 4446
Abstract
This is a modified version of 'Conjugation of Thalassiosira pseudonana', publishedby J. Turnsek dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.f55bq86 .
The protocol was modified to enhance viability in the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries.
This version was used to transform Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries isolate 15091C3 with an episomal plasmid derived from pPtPUC3 to express a egfp gene under control of the P. multiseries actin promoter and termination domains.
Growth and preparation of E. coli pTA-MOB host and episomal plasmid donor
Growth and preparation of E. coli pTA-MOB host and episomal plasmid donor
Innoculate G418+Kan plates with the appropriate host strain and grow overnight (use within 7 days). Pick isolated colonies and and inoculate into 10 mL LB medium. Grow overnight at 37oC, 200 rpm.
Preparation of E. coli donor (con
Preparation of E. coli donor (con
Measure OD600 and start a 150 mL LB subculture (recommended starting OD600 either 0.05 or 0.1).
Preparation of E. coli donor (cont)
Preparation of E. coli donor (cont)
Grow at 37oC, 200 rpm until OD600 reaches 0.3-0.4
Centrifuge at 4,000 rpm, 10oC, for 10 min.
Decant supernatant and resuspend bacterial cell pellet in 100 μL SOC*
Growth and preparation of Pseudo-nitzschia cells
Growth and preparation of Pseudo-nitzschia cells
P. multiseries stock cultures are maintained in filtered (0.2μ) autoclaved seawater (FASW) + Guillard's Marine Enrichment f/2 medium.
Subcultures are maintained in active mid-log phase growth, by serial batch culture in FASW+f/2
Typical cell numbers at log phase harvest are in the 10-30 *10^3 cells/mL range. Centrifugal concentration of 100mL of culture yields around 2*10^6 cells for conjugation.
Note
- I've never tested if cell density before spinning cells down matters with respect to final conjugation outcome same as the Alverson Lab did for P. tricornutum. They observe ~8 x 106 cells/mL to be a sweet spot. In my hands spinning cells down at ~4-8 x 106 cells/mL seemed to work fine. According to my information harvesting T. pseudonana at ~0.8 x 105 cell/mL works best for biolistic experiments.
- I counted cells with BioRad's TC20 automatic cell counter.
Harvest Pseudo-nitzschia cells
Harvest Pseudo-nitzschia cells
Spin down cells at 4000 rpm, 10oC, for 20 min in 50mL falcon tubes. Remove supernatant with vacuum pipette.
Add additional 50mL culture and repeat centrifugation. Pellet will contain cells from a total of 100mL culture.
Re-suspend cell pellet in 1 mL of seawater enrichement media. Allow suspension to come to room temperature.
Conjugation
Conjugation
Mix 450 µL Pseudo-nitzschia cells and 50 µL E. coli cells in a 1.5 mL tube.
Mix fully by gentle pipeting.
Incubate mixture at 30 oC for 5 min.
Note
This is the major modification forPseudo-nitzschia conjugation. A final concentration below 10% SOC greatly enhances Pseudo-nitzschia viability.
Gently spread mixture on pre-warmed 1% agar plates containing 5% (v/v) LB and 50% (v/v) filter sterilized seawater - L1 media.
Note
Plates were incubated at 37° for an hour before plating cells.
Incubate in dark at 30oC for 90 minutes.
01:30:00
Move plates to standard Pseudo-nitzschia growth conditions - in my case 15oC and constant light - for 4 hours.
Add 1 mL reduced Nitrogen L1 medium*.
Gently scrape agar surface with a cell scraper or L spreader to resuspend bacterial and diatom cells.
Expect to recover ~500 µL co-culture suspension after scraping.
Note
At tis point, we use L1 media enrichment and adjust the amount of Nitrogen so that Silica is not a limiting nutrient. Nitrogen:Silica ration is 1:3.
Prepare for Solid Phase Growth in 1% (w/v) LGTA
Prepare for Solid Phase Growth in 1% (w/v) LGTA
LGTA has been prepared following https://www.protocols.io/view/low-gel-temperature-agarose-lgta-media-gsibwce
LGTA has been maintained at 20 oC. LGTA can also be microwaved to reliquify from solid storage, be sure to cool to 20 oC.
- Aliquot 4 mL, molten LGTA (20 oC) into sterile culture tubes (e.g. Falcon 2059).
- Add as much cell suspension as you are able to scrape off the conjugation plate (ca. 500uL) into LGTA.
- Gently vortex to mix.
Note
The LGTA contains the same adjusted 1:3 NO3:Si ratio.
PLATING CULTURES:
PLATING CULTURES:
Transfer 1 mL to well of Costar 12-well culture plate avoiding introducing bubbles.
Repeat for 4 wells.
For selection experiments may reduce volume to 500uL per well and include selection-free matched control wells.
(LGTA will solidify during subsequent incubation at 15 oC.)
Screening
Screening
Observe plates under fluorescence microscopy for viability and growth (chlorophyll fluorescence).
Screen for expression of egfp under fluorescence microscopy.
As cells grow, some may emerge from the agarose and into the liquid overlay. These are available for isolate pics.
Gel plugs may be removed and resuspended into liquid growth.
Isolate cultures may be screened for presence of plasmid by PCR.
DNA extraction of isolate cultures may be used to transform E. coli and selected for Kanamycin resistance.