Apr 29, 2025
Effects of methodological variables during cycle ergometer exercise on blood pressure in individuals with arterial hypertension: a systematic review
- Alexey Antonov1,
- Polina Rybakova1,
- Alexander Miroshnikov1,
- Aleksandr Meshtel1
- 1Russian university of sports "GTSOLIFK"
Protocol Citation: Alexey Antonov, Polina Rybakova, Alexander Miroshnikov, Aleksandr Meshtel 2025. Effects of methodological variables during cycle ergometer exercise on blood pressure in individuals with arterial hypertension: a systematic review. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.x54v9752qg3e/v1
License: This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Protocol status: Working
We use this protocol and it's working
Created: April 22, 2025
Last Modified: April 29, 2025
Protocol Integer ID: 133822
Keywords: aerobic exercise , hypertension, bicycle
Disclaimer
Funding sources/sponsors: None
Conflicts of interest: None
Abstract
Current guidelines recommend exercise as part of primary and secondary prevention of CVD. In particular, cycling or cycling exercise. However, there has been little discussion about the effects of various variables - exercise protocol, its intensity and pedalling frequency. Systematic responses directly related to exercise depend on the intensity, duration and frequency of exercise.
Guidelines
The study will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement. The study protocol will be writing before the search begins and will not be changing during or after the search. Filter by date - 10 years. No restrictions on the language of publication.
Inclusion criteria base on the PICOS system.
Search strategy:
| A | B | |
| PubMed | (("bicycle"[All Fields] OR "bicycled"[All Fields] OR "bicycles"[All Fields] OR "bicycling"[MeSH Terms] OR "bicycling"[All Fields]) AND ("exercise"[MeSH Terms] OR "exercise"[All Fields] OR "exercises"[All Fields] OR "exercise therapy"[MeSH Terms] OR ("exercise"[All Fields] AND "therapy"[All Fields]) OR "exercise therapy"[All Fields] OR "exercising"[All Fields] OR "exercise s"[All Fields] OR "exercised"[All Fields] OR "exerciser"[All Fields] OR "exercisers"[All Fields]) AND ("bicycle"[All Fields] OR "bicycled"[All Fields] OR "bicycles"[All Fields] OR "bicycling"[MeSH Terms] OR "bicycling"[All Fields]) AND ("hypertension"[MeSH Terms] OR "hypertension"[All Fields] OR ("arterial"[All Fields] AND "hypertension"[All Fields]) OR "arterial hypertension"[All Fields])) AND (y_10[Filter]) | |
| Cochrane Library | (aerobic exercise and hypertension):ti,ab,kw | |
| Epistemonikos | (title:((title:(aerobic exercise) OR abstract:(aerobic exercise)) AND (title:(hypertension) OR abstract:(hypertension))) OR abstract:((title:(aerobic exercise) OR abstract:(aerobic exercise)) AND (title:(hypertension) OR abstract:(hypertension)))) | |
| Еlibrary | Аэробные упражнения, гипертония |
Original language title
Original language title
Влияние методических переменных при работе на велоэргометре на артериальное давление у людей с артериальной гипертонией: систематический обзор
Anticipated or actual start date
Anticipated or actual start date
22.04.2025
Anticipated completion date
Anticipated completion date
30.05.2025
Stage of review at time of this registration
Stage of review at time of this registration
Pilot screening completed
Named contact email
Named contact email
rybakova.poly@gmail.com / rybakova.poly@yandex.ru
Named contact address
Named contact address
Moscow, Sirenevy Boulevard, 4
Named contact phone number
Named contact phone number
897779381**
Organisational affiliation of the review
Organisational affiliation of the review
Center for Sports Innovative Technologies and Training of National Teams of the Moscow City Sports Department
The Russian University of sports "GTSOLIFK"
PICOS
PICOS
P (population), adults over 18 years of age with hypertension; I (intervention), bicycle ergometer exercise; C (comparison), control group; O (outcome), change in blood pressure; S, RCT.
Exclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
the intervention includes other physical activities in addition to the ergometer; variable intensity, protocol and pedalling frequency are not specified.
Review question
Review question
Effects of variable exercise on the cycle ergometer (intensity, protocol and pedal speed) on blood pressure in people with hypertension
Risk of bias (quality) assessment
Risk of bias (quality) assessment
Cochrane risk of bias tool 2. In parallel and independently by two authors
Searches
Searches
The literature search was carried out according to PRESS (Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies) in the databases (without restrictions on the date and language of publication): PubMed, Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos and Еlibrary.
Study selection. Two review authors (PD Rybakova and AG Antonov) independently and in parallel will screen article titles, abstracts, and, where appropriate, full texts from database records according to the eligibility criteria. Duplicates and articles that did not meet the criteria will be exclude from the search. Any discrepancies were resolved by consensus discussion, and any disagreements will resolve by another reviewer (AB Miroshnikov).
Study extraction. Two review authors (PD Rybakova and AG Antonov) independently and in parallel will screen the full texts according to the inclusion criteria. Duplicates and articles that do not meet the criteria will be removed. Whenever disagreements arose between the assessments of the two researchers, consensus will be reach either by discussion or with the help of a third reviewer (AB Miroshnikov). Inter-rater (kappa) agreement have to range from 0.53 (weak) to 1.00 (almost perfect), as recommended by McHugh.
If the article was not publicly available, we will contact the authors and wait for a response within 14 days.
Data recording tool - Microsoft Excel
Strategy for data synthesis
Strategy for data synthesis
The meta-analysis will be conducted using Cochrane's Review Manager software (version 5.4, UK) using standardized mean differences (SMD) as summary statistics for continuous data. The effects of caffeine supplementation on performance indicators will be estimated as 95% confidence intervals (CI) and weighted mean differences (WMD) for summary changes in study outcomes from baseline to endpoints in the experimental and control groups. The random effects model will be used for the analysis. Heterogeneity among RCTs will be assessed using the I² statistical method and the Cochrane Q-test. I² values of 25–50%, < 25%, 50–75% and > 75% will be considered as moderate, low, high and very high heterogeneity between RCTs, respectively. Subgroup sensitivity analysis will be used to identify potential sources of heterogeneity among included RCTs.
Protocol references
Shamseer L, Moher D, Clarke M, Ghersi D, Liberati A, Petticrew M, Shekelle P, Stewart LA; PRISMA-P Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015: elaboration and explanation. BMJ. 2015 Jan 2;350: g7647. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.g7647.
Benzies KM, Premji S, Hayden KA, Serrett K. State-of-the-evidence reviews: advantages and challenges of including grey literature. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2006;3(2):55-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-6787.2006.00051. x.
Amir-Behghadami M., Janati A. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study (PICOS) design as a framework to formulate eligibility criteria in systematic reviews // Emerg Med J. 2020. №37(6). P. 387. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2020-209567.
DerSimonian R, Laird N. Meta-analysis in clinical trials. Control Clin Trials. 1986 Sep;7(3):177-88. doi: 10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2.
Higgins JP, Thompson SG, Deeks JJ, Altman DG. Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ. 2003;327(7414):557–560